An oversized outboard power supply housed in a separate matching chassis · 8 stages of DC voltage regulation · An exceptionally short signal path measuring only 9 inches in length from the rear panel's input to output connectors, yielding a much faster transient response · Fully balanced circuitry throught the entire preamplifier · Open loop zero feedback circuit topology using absolutely no capacitors anywhere in the audio signal path · Proprietary designed fully discrete "shunt to ground" gain stage employing a precision relay network which uses only one metal film resistor at any given time (rather than a series of resistors), for the audio signal to pass through, resulting in a gain control that doesn't degrade sonic performance regardless of the selected setting · J-FET input devices and MOSFET output devices · A custom proprietary toroidal transformer design with lower magnetic, electrical and thermal loss, yielding an improved power transfer and lower regulation factor, resulting in increased current speed and better dynamics · One single-ended audio input which bypasses the gain stage to accomodate a component, such as home-theatre processor, whose own volume control is used instead · Accurate matching of the very finest high quality electronic components · A symmetrical circuit design · Pure copper circuit board tracings with extremely low impedance characteristics · Extremely rigid chassis construction to minimize the effects of external vibrations · Improved reliabilty through the elimination of moving parts · Designed to be powered up at all times for optimal performance · Low operating temperature for a longer than normal life expectancy.